What is Orthognathic Surgery?
Corrective jaw surgery (or orthognathic surgery) treats and corrects abnormalities of the facial bones, specifically the jaws and the teeth. Often, these abnormalities can affect chewing, talking, sleeping and other routine activities. In addition, facial esthetic concerns such a retrusive/small lower jaw or a facial asymmetry is often associated with these abnormalities. Orthognathic surgery, in conjunction with orthodontic treatment, will not only improve the facial harmony and balance but also address the fit and function of the teeth.
Who needs Orthognathic Surgery?
Orthognathic surgery is for non-growing teen and adult patients with significant bite/jaw problems that cannot be corrected with conventional orthodontic treatment. In teens and young adults, growth must be completed before the jaw surgery can be performed. However orthodontic tooth movements in preparation for the jaw surgery can begin 1 to 2 years prior to the cessation of growth.
How does Orthognathic Surgery work?
Treatment is started by placing full mouth braces. The goal of the pre-surgical phase of treatment is to align the teeth and coordinate the upper and lower jaws in preparation for the surgery. As the teeth move, the bite may appear to be getting worse rather than better. However, when the jaws are placed into proper alignment during orthognathic surgery, the teeth will fit ideally.
Surgery is performed by an oral surgeon with expertise in orthognathic surgery. In lower jaw surgery, the jawbone behind the teeth is separated and the tooth-bearing portion can be moved forward or backward. In upper jaw surgery, the jaw can be repositioned forward or backward, or the jaw can be raised or lowered. Other facial bones that contribute to the abnormality may also be repositioned or augmented.
Following surgery, patients can return to school or work within a few weeks. After the necessary healing time (around 6 weeks), there is a period of 6 to 9 months of orthodontic “fine-tuning” to complete treatment.
